2006年3月21日星期二

VIA KABUL: Central Asia Without Borders

晚上咬牙去看了“中亚无界限:来自喀布尔”,牺牲了我的壁球训练。The inaugural tour “Via Kabul: Central Asia without Borders” presents masters of the region’s traditional music as well as performers who are revitalizing the art from through new approaches to performance style, repertory, and technique. The Music Touring and Festivals Programme (http://www.akdn.org/Music/)was created to celebrate Central Asian musical traditions in regions where they are little known, and integrate leading exponents of these traditions into the global network of music presenting institutions. The music of Central Asia visits New York City with a concert of virtuoso musicians who, while little known in the West, are re-invigorating the ancient traditions of Central Asia's mountains and princely courts with new performance styles, repertoire, and techniques.

学校的米勒剧院座无虚席,因为是免费音乐会,又因为是来自中亚的艺术家演出,爱凑热闹的纽约客哪有不掺和的道理?每个乐队出场之前,都会放映一部音乐短篇,介绍该国的音乐传统和艺术家。之后音乐家们就依次出场,二话不说就开始表演。全场演出没有一句对话,所有的交流都是通过音乐进行的。真是一次奇特的经历。

第一个出场的是来自于吉尔吉斯斯坦的Tengir-Too。介绍里说他们的名字来自于“天山”,因为天山恰好横贯中国和吉尔吉斯斯坦的边界。第一个节目选自他们的民族史诗“马纳斯”,据说这首500,000行的长诗乃是世界第一冗长的作品。一个中年的说书人边说边唱,讲述了纪念Koekoetoey王盛宴的故事。后面的几个节目中,最有趣的是他们使用的Jew's harp (口弦)。这好像是一种特殊的口琴,全靠震动发声,音色极其特殊。

之后是来自阿富汗的Homayun Sakhi 表演的Afghan rubab.Rubab 是印度的沙罗琴,阿富汗艺人用几百年的时间加以改造,成为了具有自己民族特色的乐器。看起来Rubab 是一个奇怪的组合,看起来非常复杂。The rubab (also spelled rubāb) is a plucked string instrument from Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. It is considered Afghanistan's national instrument, and is particularly favored by the Pashtun ethnic group. It is used in ensembles as well as to play instrumental solos. 今晚的节目是两首很长的传统乐曲,Raga Madhuvanti 和Kataghani,我一直听到睡着。

最后表演的是来自塔吉克斯坦的 The Academy of Maqam, a young ensemble from Tajikistan, sets mystical, Sufi-inspired verse to the lyrical melodies of Shashmaqâm, creating a spiritual art music of great refinement and sublime beauty. 和吉尔吉斯斯坦的Tengir-Too相比,Academy of Maqam 显然来自伊斯兰文化的传统,带有深沉的底蕴。开头的短篇里就讲,音乐不过是用来接近真主的道路,是除去智识障碍的工具。在语言的尽头就是音乐开始的地方。几首合唱多是情歌,动人而缠绵,有时还配有舞蹈。我个人认为最好的节目是用Dutar 表演的独奏QUSHTAR,在乐手的鼓掌之间,那小小的弹拨乐器发出幽怨而动人的旋律。哀而不伤,有大慈悲的顿悟。

大前年在华盛顿参观了“丝绸之路音乐节”,之后鲜有机会接触中亚的音乐。这一晚的享受又够我消磨多时的了。也许越简单的东西越动人,所以在现代化的喧嚣之后,来在草原月夜的天籁之音,愈发显得弥足珍贵。

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